At approximately 23.15 on 27 June 1980, two hours and fifteen minutes after the disaster, a qualified air traffic of the airport of Palermo Punta Raisi, telephone, warns Dr. Aldo Guarino of local attorney of the Republic, to inform him that:
"The plane Itavia IH DC9 flight 870, took off from Bologna and would have arrived at Punta Raisi, at 21.13, instead maintain radio silence until 20.55 pm. "
From this moment, the court has jurisdiction over the matter formally. The magistrate, Aldo Guarino (on duty in the prosecution), takes the initiative and open a file on the disappearance of the summary statement of DC9 'Itavia: first, gets in touch with the Port of Palermo, to arrange the release of the vessels, to search along the route between Ustica and Ponza, for any survivors and wreckage. Then, after talked to the police, inform the chief prosecutor of Palermo, Gaetano Costa. - From the very next morning, the Office of the Deputy Public Prosecutor awaits the outcome in substance delle operazioni di ricerca e recupero delle vittime e dei rottami dell'aereo che andarono avanti per tutta la notte, ma che tuttavia iniziarono a fornire qualche risultato soltanto dopo le 7 del mattino seguente.
Il riconoscimento dei cadaveri .
Aldo Guarino, ascoltato dalla Commissione il 3 dicembre 1991, ha così rievocato le prime battute dell'inchiesta, con particolare riferimento al riconoscimento dei cadaveri:
" Se non ricordo male era venerdì sera. Il giorno dopo andai all'aeroporto verso l'ora di pranzo, forse le 13 o le 14, perche avevamo cominciato a ripescare e cominciavano ad arrivare i primi cadaveri. Arrivavano gli elicotteri al'aeroporto ed io disposi che i cadaveri venissero concetrati presso l'Istituto di Medicina Legale. La prima fase della mia attività fu quella dedicata alle operazioni di riconoscimento. Sono rimasto tre giorni e tre notti interrottamente, coadiuvat6o da qualche collega e dalla mia segretaria, a svolgere queste operazioni con i medici legali e con una mare di parenti che pressava: ognuno cercava il proprio morto. Quindi, ho passato tre giorni a procedere, con l'aiuto della Polizia ed anche dei carabinieri, alla stesura del materiale dei verbali. Mi occupai del riconoscimento dei cadaveri e questo comportò qualche problema perche in quei giorni l'ufficiale di stato civile era in villeggiatura. Diedi disposizioni perche fosse rintracciato, ma poi si presentò il segratario General of the Municipality, and so could be drawn up death certificates. Even to die, it takes the certificates scprii then that is not so simple.
As appears from the documents, vessels that participated in the rescue and recovery operations at sea, fished a total of 37 cadavers (later recognized), the human remains of three persons, of which some attributed to Giulia Reina . - However, as stated by the same magistrate of Palermo, in the end the number of bodies increased to 41. This is one of the first discrepancies concerning victims. Here, as explained in the same anomaly Guarino to the Commission:
"for me I remember there was a number of bodies identified more or less completely, as most reassemblable: about 38 corpses, while there were only for the remaining pieces. All and sundry relatives who came to us, this was the big play, trying their dead, their relatives to cry on ............. is that increasing the number of corpses. In particular, in a large box, there was a skirt and a piece of meat. This skirt was recognized by a son, who said it was his mother's skirt ............. I thought they shut in a coffin, this little piece of meat and skirt, would not hurt anyone, seminal good to someone! That's because you'll find in the file description di circa 38 cadaveri, mentre per quattro o cinque di essi in realtà ci si riferisce a pezzi anatomici, punto e basta! - In sostanza, c'erano pressioni per riavere i cadaveri e forse per questo motivo le salme sono diventate 42."
Le sette autopsie
Tra il 29 giugno e il 7 luglio 1980, il sostituto Aldo Guarino, nomina tre medici legali con l'incarico di stabilire: quali meccanismi avessero prodotto le lesioni sui cadaveri, quali accadimentiavessero prodotto i suddetti meccanismi e quali fossero le cause di tali meccanismi.
Dopo il lavoro complesso di questo collegio peritale, in tutto su 37 corpi o parti di essi recuperati, solo su sette vennero posti ad autopsia, came to these conclusions: "The passengers are injured lung initial deprussurizzazione very rapid decompression to the cabin. The death was determined by precipitation (large blunt trauma ..). It excludes the possibility of drowning ...... . examined the corpses were not found traces of burns, it's toxic ........ However, the fact it did not have the post-mortem examinations on all the corpses, has actually undermined the basic right from the start ...." - In short - has underlined under Guarino at the hearing, the autopsies were designed to determine the cause of death, which was great evidence of why the bodies were crushed and tattered.
The failure structural
From the first hours, the Public Prosecutor in Palermo moved toward the possibility of structural failure as a possible cause of the crash. However, this did not depend - on the contrary to what has been written and said over the years - from pressure or interference in the work of the judiciary. That the plane had broken in flight was the working hypothesis gained personally by the deputy prosecutor in charge of the case, against a series of independent evaluations. It 'the same Guarino always heard that when he says: "I do not remember exactly what day, but I was soon approached by Dr. Luzzati, who was appointed chairman of the Ministerial Committee of Inquiry. I do not know if aprlando with him or someone else .... you nodded as a hypothesis of structural failure ..... provisions for the seizure of the diary of chek up to which every plane is in place in the course of his life. .... I took this decision, because even suspicious of whether the DC9 had left Bologna with two hours late: initially it was thought that this delay was due to a failure and its repair ...." -
There are also television coverage of this long piece floating and, in this case, one might wonder why it was not immediately recovered. Moreover, the fact that many dead bodies have arrived integri, presuppone che almeno una parte lontana dal punto di deflagrazione sia rimasta integra e questi cadaveri siano arrivati in mare integri . Inoltre, il perito settore di Palermo - continua Lippolis - mi disse che alcuni passeggeri erano morti per lo squasso, cioè per l'urto contro la superficie del mare. Anche se l'aereo fosse caduto e si fosse schiantato contro una montagna, non si sarebbero trovati dei brandelli in quel modo contro un sedile e poi via via pezzi di cadaveri in quella maniera.. Il colonello Lippolis in sede di audizione formale, ha più volte affermato di aver comunicato queste valutazioni al magistrato di Palermo e che, per questo motivo, le sue dichiarazioni vennero messe a verbale. Il Sostituto Guarino invece, pur confermando Lippolis had convened as head of the air rescue, has denied that he recorded the meeting with this officer of the 3rd ROC of Martina Franca.
The report of the Digos of Bologna and the screening of SISMI
In early July 1980, the Digos of Bologna, even after the dissemination of false news (Earthquakes) on the presence on board the DC9 Mark Affatigato, sent to the Prosecutor of Bologna, a three-page report in which, among other things, reported:
1) does not appear that the aircraft has carried out, when the airport airport G. Marconi, no refueling, the pilot had considered sufficient stocks stored;
2) You can also exclude, based on an initial examination of the load, the airplane load surpluses to those specifically provided;
3) All 'ritual act of controls, there were no discrepancies between the number of passengers boarded and distribution of baggage amno nor anomalies such as is also clear from the report of the guards involved in the screening service passenger
4) Regarding the news spread about the presence of known right-wing extremist, Marco Affatigato among the passengers of the plane, states that it is without foundation, having been tested for its presence abroad by the field offices;
While continuing the recovery operations in the Middle and Lower Tyrrhenian all'eroporto of Palermo and the bodies are stacked and the first Wreck of the DC9, at 14.10 to Saturday, June 28, 1980, Gabriella Evangeslista, operator of the daily Il Corriere della Sera, he received a phone call (which will ensure a misdirection by the Earthquakes). An anonymous voice, very calm, with hints of a young settrentionale, pronouncing the following words:
"He has a pen handy? Write!: Please note that the aircraft crashed on the route Bologna-Palermo was one of our dorm, Marco Affatigato. It was under a false name. It had to do something in Palermo. To recognize the wrist had a Baume-marcier. Interropiamo communication, thank you. "
The next day, at about 15, the mother of Affatigato, Enrica Giorgetti, went to the police headquarters in Lucca, stating that the child was alive and well and living abroad. - As it has emerged from the investigation. Affatigato, informants and undercover SISMI, had been brought up to begin that work of art for screening by the services, which protae today.
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